Stages of development of natural, exact and technical sciences; scientific and technical development in ancient civilizations; science and technology in the ancient era; scientific and technical knowledge and achievements of the Muslim East in the Middle Ages; new principles of research organization; priority areas of science and technology.

The genesis and current state of the natural and exact sciences are studied. Essays on the history of geography, biology, physics, chemistry and astronomy in Azerbaijan are published. Currently, research is being conducted on the history of medicine and mathematics.